Colloid Science in Supercritical Fluid

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  • MUKA Sada-atsu
    Extremobiosphere Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
  • DEGUCHI Shigeru
    Extremobiosphere Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
  • TSUJII Kaoru
    Nanotechnology Research Center, Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University

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Other Title
  • 超臨界流体中におけるコロイド科学
  • チョウリンカイ リュウタイ チュウ ニ オケル コロイド カガク

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Abstract

Recent progress in our study on the behaviors of colloids in hot and compressed water is described. Dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that model colloids, which remain dispersed stably in water at ambient conditions, flocculate rapidly upon hrating under pressure. In order to obtain further insights into the colloidal dispersions at such extreme conditions, an optical microscope system equipped with a high-temperature and -pressure sample chamber was developed. Diffusion coeffcient of polystyrene latex (d＝2.092μm) that undergose Brownian motion near a quartz surface was measured successfully in water at temperatures between 298K and 573K at constant pressure of 24.6 MPa, and abalyzed in terms of a large temprature dependent change of the density of water. Our experomental setups allow performing the measurements even in supercritical water (Tc=647 K, Pc=22.1 MPa). It seems lilely that intense density fluctuation and anomalies of physical properties such as heat capacity and thermal expansion coefficient near the critical point affect the colloidal behaviors. Future sirections of the work in relation to the critical phenomena and possible applications of the experiments under microgravity are discussed.

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