Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of SnO₂ Nanopowder

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<jats:p>SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>nanopowder was synthesized by calcining metastannic salt (SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>·H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O) prepared by chemically etching metallic Sn in aqueous HNO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>solution. The calcined SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>nanopowder was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The XRD and PL intensities increased with increasing calcining temperature, yielding an activation energy of ∼0.65 eV. The PL spectra of the calcined SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>nanopowder exhibited green (G) and red (R) emission bands with peaks at ∼2.5 and ∼2.0 eV, respectively, that were clearly dependent not only on the excitation light wavelength but also on the sample temperature. The temperature dependence of the PL intensity between 20 and 300 K was explained by the thermal quenching with activation energies of ∼15 meV (<jats:italic>T</jats:italic>=20–60 K) and ∼0.12–0.18 eV (<jats:italic>T</jats:italic>≥100 K). The G and R emission states were found to originate from the Jahn–Teller effect of the 5s<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>(Sn<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>) ions in the SnO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>matrix and were similar to those generally observed in many ns<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>-doped alkali halides and SnCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>.</jats:p>

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