Spatiotemporal distribution ofFlavobacterium psychrophilumand ayuPlecoglossus altivelisin rivers revealed by environmental DNA analysis

Tenma, Hinako, Tsunekawa, Koki, Fujiyoshi, Riho, Takai, Hajime, Hirose, Masae, Masai, Nanami, Sumi, Kosuke, Takihana, Yuta, Yanagisawa, Sogen, Tsuchida, Kota, Ohara, Kenichi, Jo, Toshiaki, Takagi, Masaki, Ota, Akiko, Iwata, Hiroyoshi, Yaoi, Yuichi, Minamoto, Toshifumi

doi:10.1007/s12562-021-01510-z

Outbreaks of bacterial cold-water disease (BCWD), caused byFlavobacterium psychrophilum, are widespread in Japan, especially among ayuPlecoglossus altivelis. There are few investigations ofF.psychrophilumin river water, and its seasonal distribution has not been clarified. We aimed to identify the spatiotemporal dynamics ofF.psychrophilumand ayu to provide information that is useful for establishing a countermeasure for BCWD. Quantitative analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) was used to clarify the year-round dynamics of ayu andF.psychrophilum. We sampled river water from the Nagara and Ibi rivers in Japan, and conducted monthly water sampling and eDNA quantification. Changes in the eDNA concentration of ayu were consistent with the known life histories of the fish. There was a strong negative correlation between the eDNA concentration ofF.psychrophilumand water temperature, suggesting a strong dependence ofF.psychrophilumdynamics in the river on water temperature. Furthermore, relatively high eDNA concentrations were recorded for both organisms in early summer and fall, suggesting that ayu is infected withF.psychrophilumduring these seasons when experiencing up- and downmigration, respectively.

Spatiotemporal distribution ofFlavobacterium psychrophilumand ayuPlecoglossus altivelisin rivers revealed by environmental DNA analysis

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