Over-Winter Weight Dynamics in Supplementally Fed Free-Ranging Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) :

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  • Yamane,Masanobu
    Division of Research, Kanagawa Prefecture Forestry Research Institute
  • Hayama,Shin-Ichi
    Division of Wild Animal Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Animal Science University
  • Furubayashi,Kengo
    Department of Eco Region Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

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Continuous body weight dynamics in supplementally fed free-ranging sika deer (Cervus nippon) during the three consecutive over-winters (from January to April), 1992-1994 were surveyed. Almost all individuals lost weight continuously throughout each winter (adult deer 5-13%; young deer 3-19%) and several deer lost weight even in April. Weight gain after loss began in the mid-April when ambient temperature increased and when plant growth began. Weight dynamics varied according to sex, age and reproductive status. Adult deer showed significant large weight loss than the young. Young deer lost weight (calves 18 ± 11 g/day, yearling and two-year-olds 27 ± 29 g/day) more slowly than the adults (65 ± 23 g/day). Following this study of over-winter body weight dynamics, it seems that early springs are the most critical periods for the survival of free-ranging sika deer because of their poor nutritional condition.

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