Congenital Hypothyroidism

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Other Title
  • 先天性甲状腺機能低下症(クレチン症)

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Thyroid hormone is known to play an important role on developing central nervous system. As the period when thyroid hormone is needed differs for different brain regions, there may be different types of deficits in central nervous system depending on when insufficient thyroid hormone levels were by maternal thyroid hormone supplied to the fetus, or by self production after the birth. However, introduction of new born mass screening for congenital hypothyroidism prevented mental retardation by early detection and treatment, and now, compliance of thyroxine replacement therapy by the parents and patient is most important for clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism. In Japan mass screening for congenital hypothyroidism was introduced in 1979, and succeeded in prevention of mental retardation. Mortality of congenital hypothyroidism without any other congenital complications seems the same with that of general population, but no mortality study reported until now makes us difficult for the risk assessment for life insurance.

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