Modeling Performance Indeterminacies for Polyphonic Midi Score Following and Its Application to Automatic Accompaniment

中村 栄太, 山本 龍一, 齋藤 康之, 酒向 慎司, 嵯峨山 茂樹

人間の演奏に対して自動的に伴奏を同期する，自動伴奏において楽譜追跡は重要な問題である．本稿では，装飾音や即興的な楽句を含む楽曲・演奏に対して追従可能な楽譜追跡について述べる．装飾音のモデル化を演奏生成を記述する隠れマルコフモデルを用いて行うとともに，さらに一般の即興的楽句の構造を記述する方法について議論する．このモデルを用いた楽譜追跡アルゴリズムを示し，その有効性を実際の演奏を用いて評価する．また，このアルゴリズムを用いた自動伴奏システムを構築し，その動作を確認する．Score following plays an important role in automatic accompaniment, which is an automated performance of accompaniment in synchrony with human performances. This paper describes the score following capable of following performances with ornaments and improvised phrases. We construct a probabilistic model of ornaments based on hidden markov model and discuss a method of describing the structure of more indeterminate improvisational phrases. A score following algorithm based on the model is proposed and its effectiveness is evaluated using human-played performances. An automatic accompaniment system using the algorithm is built and its operation is tested.

Modeling Performance Indeterminacies for Polyphonic Midi Score Following and Its Application to Automatic Accompaniment

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