Discovery of new element, nihonium, and perspectives (PLENARY)

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A new element 113 was searched by the reaction of 70Zn on 209Bi using a gas-filled recoil ion separator at the RIKEN linear accelerator facility. Totally three decay chains due to 278113 were observed. The first and second chains consisted of four alpha decays from 278113 to 266Bh, and terminated by spontaneous fission of 262Db. The 3rd chain consisted of 6 consecutive alpha decays down to 254Md. The decay properties of the corresponding members of the observed 3 decay chains were consistent with each other. The net irradiation time altogether was 576 days and the deduced production cross section of 278113 was 22+20-13 fb. The decay properties of 266Bh were investigated by the reaction of 23Na on 248Cm to establish the cross reaction of 278113 decay chain. It was found that 266Bh can be regarded as an anchor nuclide of the 278113 decay chain. The name nihonium and symbol Nh were proposed for the element 113, and they were approved by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. A new research program at RIKEN toward discovery of heaviest elements by hot fusion reactions are also briefly described.

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