Cyprus Problem : Formation of Break-up Country and Its Development

In 1960 Cyprus. Became an independent republic as a cornpromise of the conflicting claims of the 2 communicties in Cyprus. However, the Greek Cypriot side never gave up its aspirations for what is called "Enosis", namely with union with Greece. Since 1963 a large scale intercommunal violence erupted and Turkish Cypriot side were purged from all the posts of the bicommunal organizations and administrations. 1960 year's constitution came to an end. Cyprus Government was split into 2 autonomous administrations. In 1974 a coup d'etat was carried against Archbishop Makarios Gorernment, which was organized by Greek army officers in Cyprus. Their aim was to overthrow Makarios government and unite Cyprus with Greece.Turkey immediately intervened militarily to secure and to protect the Turkish Cypriots. The intervention was based on the Treaty of Gurantee which was agreed between Turkey, Greece and Great Britain in 1959. With the separation of 2 ethnic peoples into their own sectors, northern sector under Turkish sphere of influence and southern sector under Greek one, the Autonomous Turkish Cyprus Administration was succeeded by the Turkish "federated" state of Cyprus with the adoption of its constitution inl975. It was compatible with a federal solution of the Gyprus problem. But direct negociations and intercommunal talks under the sponsorship of the Secretary Ceneral of the UN failed up to now to unite the 2 sectors for a federal republic. The establishment of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus in 1983 was the culmination of this gradual process of political evolution on the Turkish Cypriots side. Even after that, many meetings of negociations were held under UN auspices in Newyork, in Vienna, in Nicosia and so on. But all negociations including summit meetings failed to secure an agreement for unification of Cyprus as a federal republic. Now Covernment of Cyprus" does not repersent the whole Cyprus. There exists actually 2 states.The solution of Cyprus problem must start from this fact.