A brief history of the yobiko in its social context

Kimura Yoshimi

This paper is an attempt at elucidating how contemporary yobikoes have attained their nationwide development, and how they have improved their capabilities of information gathering and provision, through focusing upon their relations with a reform in the system of entrance examinations, and with some changes in our social organization. What our research has shown could be summarized in three respects : 1.The foundations of yobikoes' recent development were already laid in the Taisho era and at the beginning of Showa era. 2. Postwar Japan saw a structural change in its working population owing to industrialization, an amelioration of the income standard because of some waves of prosperity, and therefore a growing population reaching higher education. Keeping step with such a trend, yobikoes entered a "high-growth period". For example, in 1965,some yobikoes undertook the diversification of their business; hence, they began to intensify their character of an industry. 3. It was the introduction of the Nationwide Common Preliminary to Entrance (Joint First Stage Achievement Test) that became the chief incentive for yobikoes to their inaugurate countrywide development and improved their capabilities of information gathering and provision.

A brief history of the yobiko in its social context

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