The Cluster HEritage project with<i>XMM-Newton</i>: Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation

Stefano Borgani, Florian Kéruzoré, Jose Alberto Rubino-Martin, Christine Jones, Jack Sayers, S. Zarattini, Herve Aussel, Nobuhiro Okabe, S. Molendi, Klaus Dolag, S. De Grandi, R. F. J. van der Burg, L. Perotto, Hervé Bourdin, Megan Donahue, Etienne Pointecouteau, Nicolas Clerc, F. Gastaldello, Scott T. Kay, S. Burkutean, Jean-Baptiste Melin, Mario Nonino, A. M. C. LeBrun, Stefano Ettori, Ben J Maughan, A. Saro, Paolo Tozzi, Pasquale Mazzotta, Mauro Sereno, Dominique Eckert, Sandrine Pires, P. S. Corasaniti, F. Mayet, Massimo Gaspari, Annalisa Bonafede, Mathilde Jauzac, L. Salvati, I. Bartalucci, M. Arnaud, M. Rossetti, Jean-Charles Cuillandre, Chris P. Haines, Lorenzo Lovisari, Simona Ghizzardi, A. Ferragamo, David J. Barnes, Rossella Cassano, S. Paltani, A. Iqbal, Gustavo Yepes, G. Schellenberger, G. W. Pratt, S. Maurogordato, R. Barrena, E. Rasia, Keiichi Umetsu, M. De Petris, Myriam Gitti, Barbara Sartoris, Paula Tarrío, Melanie Johnston-Hollitt, Franco Vazza, Raphael Gavazzi, F. Andrade-Santos, Alina Streblyanska, R. T. Duffy, Tiziana Venturi, Mario Radovich

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2010.11972

<jats:p>The Cluster HEritage project with<jats:italic>XMM-Newton</jats:italic>– Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation (CHEX-MATE) is a three-mega-second Multi-Year Heritage Programme to obtain X-ray observations of a minimally-biased, signal-to-noise-limited sample of 118 galaxy clusters detected by<jats:italic>Planck</jats:italic>through the Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect. The programme, described in detail in this paper, aims to study the ultimate products of structure formation in time and mass. It is composed of a census of the most recent objects to have formed (Tier-1: 0.05 < <jats:italic>z</jats:italic> < 0.2; 2 × 10<jats:sup>14</jats:sup> <jats:italic>M</jats:italic><jats:sub>⊙</jats:sub> < <jats:italic>M</jats:italic><jats:sub>500</jats:sub> < 9 × 10<jats:sup>14</jats:sup> <jats:italic>M</jats:italic><jats:sub>⊙</jats:sub>), together with a sample of the highest mass objects in the Universe (Tier-2:<jats:italic>z</jats:italic> < 0.6;<jats:italic>M</jats:italic><jats:sub>500</jats:sub> > 7.25 × 10<jats:sup>14</jats:sup> <jats:italic>M</jats:italic><jats:sub>⊙</jats:sub>). The programme will yield an accurate vision of the statistical properties of the underlying population, measure how the gas properties are shaped by collapse into the dark matter halo, uncover the provenance of non-gravitational heating, and resolve the major uncertainties in mass determination that limit the use of clusters for cosmological parameter estimation. We will acquire X-ray exposures of uniform depth, designed to obtain individual mass measurements accurate to 15 − 20% under the hydrostatic assumption. We present the project motivations, describe the programme definition, and detail the ongoing multi-wavelength observational (lensing, SZ, radio) and theoretical effort that is being deployed in support of the project.</jats:p>

The Cluster HEritage project with<i>XMM-Newton</i>: Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation

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The Cluster HEritage project with<i>XMM-Newton</i>: Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation

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