Direct Observation of Quantum Andreev Reflection at Free Surface of Superfluid<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi>H</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts /><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow /></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow><mml:mi>e</mml:mi></mml:math>

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The quantum Andreev reflection has been observed for the first time at the free surface of superfluid ${}^{3}\mathrm{He}\ensuremath{-}B$ in the ballistic temperature region by use of a blackbody radiator with an orifice of 0.2 mm in diameter and 1 mm in length. A quasiparticle beam is produced so as to hit the surface at a small angle of 20\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} where the normal reflection component does not come back to the detector. The observed reflection rate can be explained by a quasiclassical theory combined with the diffuse scattering of the retroreflected particles at the orifice.

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