Glycine-Assisted Sol-Gel Combustion Synthesis and Characterization of Aluminum-Doped LiNiVO[sub 4] for Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Phase-pure inverse spinel LiNiVO 4 and LiAl x Ni 1-x VO 4 have been synthesized with good surface morphology by a sol-gel method using glycine as a chelating agent. The product was characterized by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and galvanostatic cycling studies. Surface morphology examinations of the undoped LiNiVO 4 particles showed micrometer-sized, cube-shaped grains, while that of aluminum-doped particles showed uniform spherical particles. As compared to the solid-state synthesis route, the sol-gel combustion process greatly reduces the temperature (250°C) for preparing LiNiVO 4 and LiAl x Ni 1-x VO 4 . Subsequent calcination between 650 and 850°C significantly enhances the crystallinity of the synthesized LiNiVO 4 and LiAl x Ni 1-x VO 4 powder. The discharge capacity and cycling performance of the LiAl 0.1 Ni 0.99 VO 4 was found to be superior at a calcination temperature of 250°C.

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