Chitinophaga fulva sp. nov., isolated from forest soil

<jats:p>An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and yellow-coloured bacterium designated strain G-6-1-13<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> was isolated from Gwanggyo mountain forest soil. Strain G-6-1-13<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> could grow at 15–40 °C (optimum, 20–32 °C), pH 4.5–10.5 (optimum, pH 6.0–9.0), at 2 % (w/v) NaCl concentration, and produced flexirubin-type pigments. Phylogenetic analysis based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain G-6-1-13<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> formed a lineage within the genus <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="genus"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.8334" xlink:type="simple">Chitinophaga</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> that was distinct from other species of the genus. Closest member was <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="species"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.31822" xlink:type="simple">Chitinophaga varians</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> 10–7 W-9003<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (98.6 % sequence similarity) followed by <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="species"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.22569" xlink:type="simple">C. eiseniae</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> DSM 22224<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (98.4 %), <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="species"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.26256" xlink:type="simple">C. qingshengii</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> JN246<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (97.6 %) and <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="species"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.11281" xlink:type="simple">C. terrae</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic> KP01<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (97.4%). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C<jats:sub>15 : 0</jats:sub>, C<jats:sub>16 : 1</jats:sub> <jats:italic> ω</jats:italic>5<jats:italic>c</jats:italic>, and summed feature 3 (iso-C<jats:sub>15 : 0</jats:sub> 2-OH and/or C<jats:sub>16 : 1</jats:sub> <jats:italic> ω</jats:italic>6<jats:italic>c</jats:italic>). MK-7 was the sole respiratory quinone. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified phospholipid. The DNA G+C content of strain G-6-1-13<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> was 48.7 mol%. Average nucleotide identity and <jats:italic>in silico</jats:italic> DNA–DNA hybridization were below the species threshold. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characterization, G-6-1-13<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> represents a novel species in the genus <jats:italic> <jats:named-content content-type="genus"> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://doi.org/10.1601/nm.8334" xlink:type="simple">Chitinophaga</jats:ext-link> </jats:named-content> </jats:italic>, for which the name <jats:italic>Chitinophaga fulva</jats:italic> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is G-6-1-13<jats:sup>T</jats:sup> (=KACC 21624<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>=NBRC 114361<jats:sup>T</jats:sup>).</jats:p>