Fan Engagement Behavior: Validation of a Theory-Based Scale

  • Masayuki Yoshida
    Department of Sports and Health Studies, Hosei University, Machida, Tokyo, Japan
  • Rui Biscaia
    Department for Health, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
  • Sebastian Uhrich
    Institute of Sport Economics and Sport Management, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
  • Brian S. Gordon
    Department of Health, Sport & Exercise Sciences, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
  • Marcel Huettermann
    School of Management and Law, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
  • Makoto Nakazawa
    Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

書誌事項

公開日
2024-03-01
資源種別
journal article
DOI
  • 10.1123/jsm.2023-0075
公開者
Human Kinetics

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説明

<jats:p>In this research, we conducted two studies to validate a multidimensional scale of fan engagement behavior. In Study 1, we generated survey items through a systematic review of the relevant literature, collected data from fans of professional baseball (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 319) and soccer (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 301), and provided evidence for the construct and concurrent validity of the scale composed of six dimensions. In Study 2, we reassessed construct validity in professional baseball (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 582) and found that fan engagement behavior was represented by the proposed six dimensions with a final list of 21 items. Further, our predictive analysis throughout a season showed that fan engagement behavior fully mediated the relationship between predictor (team identification and awareness of fan engagement initiatives) and outcome variables (media viewing frequency, attendance frequency, and flourishing). The developed scale advances our understanding of fans’ voluntary actions that are culturally embedded in spectator sport.</jats:p>

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