Preliminary report of terrestrial heat flow study in the South American continent; distribution of geothermal gradients

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Abstract Measurements of terrestrial heat flow have been made in twenty mines in western South America. In addition to these mines, underground temperature data at thirty-five oil fields over the whole South American continent have been examined. Since thermal conductivity values for these sites have not been determined yet, only geothermal gradient values are reported here. The thermal gradient features may be summarized as follows 1. (1) most of the values are normal or subnormal over the whole area of the continent; 2. (2) high values are concentrated in the Andes area, and often seem to be associated with geothermal activities 3. (3) lower values are observed in the Pacific coast area and in the area along the Amazon River 4. (4) normal values (2.5–3.5°C/100 m) are observed in the eastern part of the Brazilian Shield, while the values appear slightly depressed in its southern part.

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