Brain atrophy in normal older adult links tooth loss and diet changes to future cognitive decline

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Description

Several studies have found associations between poor oral health, particularly tooth loss and cognitivedecline. However, the specific brain regions affected by tooth loss and the probable causes remainunclear. We conducted a population-based longitudinal cohort study in Nakajima, Nanao City, Japan.Between 2016 and 2018, 2454 residents aged ≥60 participated, covering 92.9% of the local agedemographics. This study used comprehensive approach by combining detailed dental examinations,dietary assessments, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis, and cognitive evaluations. Toothloss, even in cognitively normal individuals, is associated with parahippocampal gyrus atrophy andincreased WMH volume, both of which are characteristics of dementia. Tooth loss was associatedwith altered dietary patterns, notably a reduction in plant-based food intake and an increase in fatty,processed food intake. This study highlights a possible preventative pathway where oral health mayplay a significant role in preventing the early neuropathological shifts associated with dementia.

Journal

  • NPJ Aging

    NPJ Aging 10 (1), 1-10, 2024-03-22

    Springer Nature

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