喫煙者に対する看護学生の態度に防煙・禁煙教育が及ぼす影響とその構造

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  • キツエンシャ ニ タイスル カンゴ ガクセイ ノ タイド ニ ボウエン ・ キンエン キョウイク ガ オヨボス エイキョウ ト ソノ コウゾウ
  • Influence of smoking prevention education on attitudes of nursing students toward smokers and its structure

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Many nursing schools have been providing smoking prevention and cessation education since the Japanese Nursing Association announced a policy to promote such education for nursing students in２００４. We assessed the effects of such education and its influence on the attitude of nursing students toward smokers. The subjects were ３３ final-year nursing students（seven former smokers and two current smokers）aged between ２１ and ２３ years. We investigated the respondents’ impressions of a smoking prevention and cessation program. Data were analyzed by the qualitative synthesis method（KJ method）. We found that the respondents initially had negative emotions toward smokers, such as disillusion, contempt, and aversion. After advising people around them, including family members or friends, to stop smoking and finding it failed, they felt that smoking cessation guidance was difficult. They concluded that smoking was an individual decision, that smokers were responsible for their health damage, and that smoking was acceptable if it did not harm others. They also had sympathy（a feeling of pity）for smokers. However, as the respondents learned to provide guidance about smoking cessation, they no longer viewed smokers negatively and developed empathy, feeling that they should consider how to stop smoking together. The respondents further thought that nurses were obliged to promote smoking cessation and to try patiently without abandoning smokers, although providing guidance for smoking cessation was difficult. The attitude toward smokers and smoking cessation guidance varied according to their level of learning. In the initial stage, the respondents had negative emotions and a cold attitude toward smokers. In the last stage, however, they showed understanding of smokers and realized their role of promoting smoking cessation as nurses. This study suggested the effectiveness of implementing a stepwise education program for smoking prevention and cessation from admission to graduation and the necessity for continued education.

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