Occurrence of ochratoxin A, B and 14-（R）-ochratoxin A in commercial instant and drinking coffee and cocoa products in Japan

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  • 国内市販インスタントコーヒー，ドリンキングコーヒー及びココア製品のオクラトキシンA，Bと14－（R）-オクラトキシンAの汚染調査

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A contamination survey of ochratoxin A（OTA）and 14-（R）-ochratoxin A（14R-OTA）in domestic commercial instant and drinking coffee, and cocoa products in 2023 was conducted using an immunoaffinity column-HPLC method. The results showed that OTA was detected in 35 of 36（97.2％）instant coffee with an average of 0.52 μg/kg and a maximum of 1.75 μg/kg. The OTA limit（5 μg/kg）set by European Food Safety Authority（EFSA）were not exceeded. 14R-OTA was detected in 30 samples（83.3％）with a maximum of 1.17 μg/kg and a mean of 0.26 μg/kg. In drinking coffee, 34 of 42 samples（81.0％）were positive for OTA with a mean of 0.153 μg/L and a maximum of 1.113 μg/L. None of the samples exceeded the EFAS OTA limit of 2 μg/L for wine and other beverages. However, 22 samples（52.4％）exceeded the drinking coffee OTA of 0.071 μg/L, which is calculated from the EFAS OTA limit for instant coffee. 14R-OTA was detected in 25 samples（59.5％）with a maximum of 0.363 μg/L and a mean of 0.057 μg/kg. Drinking coffee sold commercially in Japan was not safe enough to be contaminated with OTA. All cocoa products（41 samples）were OTA-positive with a mean value of 1.02 μg/kg. 2 samples（4.27 and 6.94 μg/kg）were above the EFAS standard of 3 μg/kg.

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