Mongolian marriage etiquette―with special reference to Horqin Left Middle Banner, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia

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  • モンゴル民族の婚姻儀礼に関する考察―内モンゴル自治区通遼市ホルチン左翼中旗の事例を中心に―
  • モンゴル ミンゾク ノ コンイン ギレイ ニ カンスル コウサツ : ウチモンゴル ジチクツウリョウシ ホルチン サヨク チュウキ ノ ジレイ オ チュウシン ニ

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This paper discusses the transition of social position and other factors on Mongolian marriage rituals. To investigate the transition from the 1920s to the 1990s, we refer to Hurirand and Aoki's research on marriage rituals in the 1920s and betrothal gifts from men to women - an important factor of the marriage ritual in the 1940s. We discuss and analyse rituals from the 1950s to the 1990s based on a hearing survey conducted mostly in Inner Mongolia. The results show that there is no significant difference in marriage rituals between the 1920s and the 1950s. However, the popular betrothal gifts from men to women shifted from livestock between the 1920s to the 1940s to money or cloth after the 1950s, showing how the life of Mongolian people had changed from purely nomadic to a mixture of nomadic and farming. By investigating four aspects of marriage rituals between the 1950s and the 1990s, we found out that wedding receptions play an important role in society at all times since a large amount of money is spent on them. Mutual cooperation between villages can also be seen at the receptions. Studying them from four different aspects, we can see the changes had been brought about by the economic improvement of farmers lives caused by land policy. The change in the role of the parents in the marriages is also a very important factor. The parents sense of values has gradually been freed from old and traditional values not only because of economic improvement but also by improvements in lifestyle and the effect of the media.

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