Vertical rise velocity of equatorial plasma bubbles estimated from Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) observations and HIRB model simulations

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  • S. Tulasi Ram
    Indian Institute of Geomagnetism Navi Mumbai India
  • K. K. Ajith
    Indian Institute of Geomagnetism Navi Mumbai India
  • T. Yokoyama
    National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Tokyo Japan
  • M. Yamamoto
    Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
  • K. Niranjan
    Department of Physics Andhra University Visakhapatnam India

書誌事項

公開日
2017-06
資源種別
journal article
権利情報
  • http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
DOI
  • 10.1002/2017ja024260
公開者
American Geophysical Union (AGU)

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説明

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The vertical rise velocity (<jats:italic>V</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>r</jats:italic></jats:sub>) and maximum altitude (<jats:italic>H</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>m</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) were estimated using the two‐dimensional fan sector maps of 47 MHz Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR), Kototabang, during May 2010 to April 2013. A total of 86 EPBs were observed out of which 68 were postsunset EPBs and remaining 18 EPBs were observed around midnight hours. The vertical rise velocities of the EPBs observed around the midnight hours are significantly smaller (~26–128 m/s) compared to those observed in postsunset hours (~45–265 m/s). Further, the vertical growth of the EPBs around midnight hours ceases at relatively lower altitudes, whereas the majority of EPBs at postsunset hours found to have grown beyond the maximum detectable altitude of the EAR. The three‐dimensional numerical high‐resolution bubble (HIRB) model with varying background conditions are employed to investigate the possible factors that control the vertical rise velocity and maximum attainable altitudes of EPBs. The estimated rise velocities from EAR observations at both postsunset and midnight hours are, in general, consistent with the nonlinear evolution of EPBs from the HIRB model. The smaller vertical rise velocities (<jats:italic>V</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>r</jats:italic></jats:sub>) and lower maximum altitudes (<jats:italic>H</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>m</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of EPBs during midnight hours are discussed in terms of weak polarization electric fields within the bubble due to weaker background electric fields and reduced background ion density levels.</jats:p>

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