Molecular Characterization of<i>Rht-1</i>Dwarfing Genes in Hexaploid Wheat

  • Stephen Pearce
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Robert Saville
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Simon P. Vaughan
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Peter M. Chandler
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Edward P. Wilhelm
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Caroline A. Sparks
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Nadia Al-Kaff
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Andrey Korolev
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Margaret I. Boulton
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Andrew L. Phillips
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Peter Hedden
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Paul Nicholson
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult
  • Stephen G. Thomas
    Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom (S.P., S.P.V., C.A.S., A.L.P., P.H., S.G.T.); John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (R.S., N.A.-K., A.K., M.I.B., P.N.); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (P.M.C.); National Institute of Agricult

抄録

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The introduction of the Reduced height (Rht)-B1b and Rht-D1b semidwarfing genes led to impressive increases in wheat (Triticum aestivum) yields during the Green Revolution. The reduction in stem elongation in varieties containing these alleles is caused by a limited response to the phytohormone gibberellin (GA), resulting in improved resistance to stem lodging and yield benefits through an increase in grain number. Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 encode DELLA proteins, which act to repress GA-responsive growth, and their mutant alleles Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b are thought to confer dwarfism by producing more active forms of these growth repressors. While no semidwarfing alleles of Rht-A1 have been identified, we show that this gene is expressed at comparable levels to the other homeologs and represents a potential target for producing novel dwarfing alleles. In this study, we have characterized additional dwarfing mutations in Rht-B1 and Rht-D1. We show that the severe dwarfism conferred by Rht-B1c is caused by an intragenic insertion, which results in an in-frame 90-bp insertion in the transcript and a predicted 30-amino acid insertion within the highly conserved amino-terminal DELLA domain. In contrast, the extreme dwarfism of Rht-D1c is due to overexpression of the semidwarfing Rht-D1b allele, caused by an increase in gene copy number. We show also that the semidwarfing alleles Rht-B1d and Rht-B1e introduce premature stop codons within the amino-terminal coding region. Yeast two-hybrid assays indicate that these newly characterized mutations in Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 confer “GA-insensitive” dwarfism by producing DELLA proteins that do not bind the GA receptor GA INSENSITIVE DWARF1, potentially compromising their targeted degradation.</jats:p>

収録刊行物

  • Plant Physiology

    Plant Physiology 157 (4), 1820-1831, 2011-10-19

    Oxford University Press (OUP)

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