Structures, Synthesis, and Human Nod1 Stimulation of Immunostimulatory Bacterial Peptidoglycan Fragments in the Environment
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- Yukari Fujimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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- Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
書誌事項
- 公開日
- 2011-02-22
- 資源種別
- journal article
- DOI
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- 10.1021/np100795d
- 公開者
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
この論文をさがす
説明
Bacteria release immunostimulatory compounds to the environment, and one of the stimulants is the ligand of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 1 (Nod1), an intracellular protein involved in the recognition of the bacterial component peptidoglycans having a diaminopimelic acid (DAP) structure. The polymorphisms of Nod1 have been linked to several inflammatory diseases and allergies that are strongly affected by environmental factors. The present paper summarizes recent results on the isolation and structural elucidation of natural human Nod1 (hNod1) ligands from the Escherichia coli (E. coli) K-12 culture supernatant, the first chemical synthesis of these natural ligands and related PGN fragments structures, and the hNod1 stimulatory activities of the chemically synthesized DAP-type PGN fragments. For structural characterization studies, the 7-(diethylamino)coumarin-3-carbonyl (DEAC) labeling method was also used to enhance the sensitivity in mass spectrometry studies, in order to observe PGN fragments in a comprehensive manner. The results suggest that DAP-containing bacteria release certain hNod1 ligands to the environment and that these ligands accumulate in the environment and regulate the immune system through Nod1.
収録刊行物
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- Journal of Natural Products
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Journal of Natural Products 74 (3), 518-525, 2011-02-22
American Chemical Society (ACS)
