Aberrant Methylation of LINE-1 Transposable Elements: A Search for Cancer Biomarkers
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- Anastasia A. Ponomaryova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
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- Elena Y. Rykova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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- Polina A. Gervas
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
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- Nadezhda V. Cherdyntseva
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
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- Ilgar Z. Mamedov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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- Tatyana L. Azhikina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
書誌事項
- 公開日
- 2020-09-02
- 権利情報
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- https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- DOI
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- 10.3390/cells9092017
- 公開者
- MDPI AG
説明
<jats:p>Cancer remains one of the main causes of human mortality despite significant progress in its diagnostics and therapy achieved in the past decade. Massive hypomethylation of retrotransposons, in particular LINE-1, is considered a hallmark of most malignant transformations as it results in the reactivation of retroelements and subsequent genomic instability. Accumulating data on LINE-1 aberrant methylation in different tumor types indicates its significant role in cancer initiation and progression. However, direct evidence that LINE-1 activation can be used as a cancer biomarker is still limited. The objective of this review was to critically evaluate the published results regarding the diagnostic/prognostic potential of the LINE-1 methylation status in cancer. Our analysis indicates that LINE-1 hypomethylation is a promising candidate biomarker of cancer development, which, however, needs validation in both clinical and laboratory studies to confirm its applicability to different cancer types and/or stages. As LINE-1 is present in multiple cell-free copies in blood, it has advantages over single-copy genes regarding perspectives of using its methylation status as an epigenetic cancer biomarker for cell-free DNA liquid biopsy.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Cells
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Cells 9 (9), 2017-, 2020-09-02
MDPI AG
