Variation in δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C trophic fractionation: Implications for aquatic food web studies

DOI Web Site Web Site 被引用文献47件

書誌事項

公開日
2001-11
権利情報
  • http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
DOI
  • 10.4319/lo.2001.46.8.2061
公開者
Wiley

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説明

<jats:p>Use of stable isotope techniques to quantify food web relationships requires a priori estimates of the enrichment or depletion in δ<jats:sup>15</jats:sup>N and δ<jats:sup>13</jats:sup>C values between prey and predator (known as trophic fractionation; hereafter Δδ<jats:sup>15</jats:sup>N and Δδ<jats:sup>13</jats:sup>C). We conducted a broad‐scale analysis of Δδ<jats:sup>15</jats:sup>N and Δδ<jats:sup>13</jats:sup>C from aquatic systems, including three new field estimates. Carnivores had significantly higher Δδ<jats:sup>15</jats:sup>N values than herbivores. Furthermore, carnivores, invertebrates, and lab‐derived estimates were significantly more variable than their counterparts ( f‐test, p < 0.00001). Δδ<jats:sup>13</jats:sup>C was higher for carnivores than for herbivores (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.001), while variances did not differ significantly. Excluding herbivores, the average Δδ<jats:sup>15</jats:sup>N and Δδ<jats:sup>13</jats:sup>C were 3.4‰ and 0.8‰, respectively. But even with unbiased fractionation estimates, there is variation in isotopic fractionation that contributes to error in quantitative isotope model outputs. We simulated the error variance in δ<jats:sup>15</jats:sup>N‐based estimates of trophic position and two‐source δ<jats:sup>13</jats:sup>C diet mixing models, explicitly considering the observed variation in Δδ<jats:sup>15</jats:sup>N and Δδ<jats:sup>13</jats:sup>C, along with the other potential error sources. The resultant error in trophic position and mixing model outputs was generally minor, provided that primary consumers were used as baseline indicators for estimating trophic position and that end member d13C values in dietary mixing models were sufficiently distinct.</jats:p>

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