Advanced CT images reveal nonmetric cranial variations in living humans

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  • SAITOU NARUYA
    Division of Population Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima
  • KIMURA RYOSUKE
    Transdisciplinary Research Organization for Subtropics and Island Studies, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa
  • FUKASE HITOSHI
    Department of Human Biology and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa
  • YOGI AKIRA
    Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa
  • MURAYAMA SADAYUKI
    Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa
  • ISHIDA HAJIME
    Department of Human Biology and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa

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Abstract

Two mainland Japanese males were examined with a computer tomography (CT) X-ray scanner to reconstruct three-dimensional CT simulation images of their cranial anatomy and to check for the presence/absence of 23 nonmetric cranial traits. Surface anatomy for scoring 19 nonmetric cranial variations was clearly observed among the 23 variations. Evaluation of the four other traits might have been disturbed due to dental treatment history, small variations in the images, or X-ray radiation condition. However, these disturbances could be overcome by a combination of simple thin-sliced CT images and magnetic resonance imaging. We have thus developed a new anatomical field for elucidating human morphology.<br>

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