Effect of Vitamin C and Vitamin E Supplements on Periodontal Disease in Smokers

DOI 2 Citations 27 References
  • NAGATA Hideki
    Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry
  • OJIMA Miki
    Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry
  • SHIZUKUISHI Satoshi
    Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry
  • TAKEMURA Akane
    0ral Care Business Headquarters. Sunstar Inc.
  • HINODE Daisuke
    Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Tokushima
  • FUKUI Makoto
    Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Tokushima
  • NAKAMURA Ryo
    Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Tokushima

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  • 喫煙者の歯周病に対するビタミンCおよびビタミンE摂取の有効性の検討

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Abstract

Smoking habit has been reported as a risk factor for periodontal disease and low vitamin C intake has been associated with periodontal status. In this randomized controlled trial, we investigated the efficacy of dietary supplementation with antioxidative vitamins, vitamins C and E, on suppression of the progression of periodontal disease in smokers. A total of 65 patients who were current smokers were randomly assigned to one of the following groups : 1) VC (1,000 mg/day) ; 2) VE (135 mg/day) ; 3) combination of VC and VE ; 4) placebo. Plaque index (PI), clinical attachment level (CAL), pocket depth (PD) and cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (I CTP) from gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) as a biomarker of periodontal disease, were measured at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks following the start of supplementation. CAL and PD in VC, VE and the combination groups showed significant improvements during this trial comparing with the placebo group (p<0.05). Furthermore, in the combination group, the rate of GCF samples in which I CTP was decreased or maintained was significantly greater than that in the placebo group at 24 weeks (p<0.05). On the other hand, VC levels in blood samples from VC and the combination groups (p<0.01) and VE levels from VE and the combination groups significantly rose from each level at baseline (p<0.05). These results suggest that supplements of VC and VE may maintain the periodontal health status in smokers by controlling oxidative status and other mechanisms.

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