LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE AND VISUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HIGASHIYAMA DISTRICT, KYOTO —EVALUATING TOPOGRAPHIC ENCLOSURE BY OPENNESS—

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  • 京都東山の地形景域の構造と名勝地の景観ー開度の概念に基づく地形的囲繞の評価ー
  • LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE AND VISUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HIGASHIYAMA DISTRICT, KYOTO ^|^mdash;EVALUATING TOPOGRAPHIC ENCLOSURE BY OPENNESS^|^mdash;

Description

 This study aims at clarifying the landscape structure and its visual characteristics of the Higashiyama district, Kyoto, by evaluating topographic enclosure by Openness and visualizing a distribution pattern of topographic enclosure. The results presented in this paper indicated that the area strongly enclosed by mountains ranged locally in the bottom of mountains and most of temples and scenic places located in these enclosed spaces. It is found that the spatial compositions in scenic places imply a traditional landscape design method of using topographic conditions and landscape characteristics. The main findings are described below: 1) in scenic places that were enclosed by mountains at a short distance, gardens were composed of spatially opened viewpoints created in the enclosed space. In scenic places that were enclosed by mountains at a middle distance, 2) gardens were composed of a contiguous view of mountain slopes and buildings, 3) spaces between a garden and mountains were hidden to combine views of gardens and mountains, 4) spatially opened viewpoints were created to get a view of a surrounding landscape. It is found that scenic places of the Higashiyama district are strongly characterized by the topographic enclosure that is one of significant features of religious spaces in Japan.

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