Phase Transformation Behavior and Bending Property of the Profile Vortex Nickel-titanium Endodontic Instrument

DOI Open Access
  • Kana MIYARA
    Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
  • Yoshio YAHATA
    Department of Conservative Dentistry, Division of Endodontology, Showa University School of Dentistry Department of Endodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry
  • Daisuke TOKITA
    Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
  • Arata EBIHARA
    Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
  • Takao HANAWA
    Department of Metallic Biomaterials, Division of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
  • Takashi OKIJI
    Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Sciences Track, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)

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Other Title
  • M-Wireを用いたNiTi製ファイルProFile Vortexの相変態挙動および曲げ特性

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 Purpose: Nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic instruments show greater flexibility than stainless-steel instruments and thus exhibit better centering ability in curved canals. Many kinds of NiTi instruments have been developed, each with their own specific design characteristics in terms of cross-sectional shape, taper, pitch, helical angle, and so forth. Moreover, several instruments are currently marketed that are manufactured using M-Wire, which is produced by applying heat treatment and exhibits increased flexibility and resistance to cyclic fatigue compared to standard NiTi wire. ProFile Vortex instruments are made of M-Wire, have different cutting flute design from ProFile instruments, and thus are claimed to show improved flexibility and fracture resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties, especially the phase transformation behavior and the bending property, of the ProFile Vortex instruments.<br> Methods: In this study, ProFile Vortex instruments with size 30 tip and 0.06 taper were used, and ProFile and FlexMaster instruments of the same size were selected as controls. Phase transformation behavior of the NiTi alloy used in each instrument was estimated by determining transformation temperatures using differential scanning calorimetry. A cantilever bending test was used to measure the bending load at 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm deflection, corresponding to the elastic range and the superelastic range, respectively.<br> Results: The martensitic transformation starting temperature and the reverse transformation finishing temperature for ProFile Vortex instruments were above 37°C and significantly higher than those for ProFile and FlexMaster instruments (p<0.05). The bending load values of ProFile Vortex instruments were significantly lower than those of FlexMaster instruments (p<0.05), but were not significantly different from those of ProFile instruments (p>0.05).<br> Conclusion: ProFile Vortex instruments exhibited satisfactory superelasticity at the intraoral temperature, as revealed by their phase transformation behavior, and high flexibility. Thus, these instruments may offer clinical advantages in the shaping of curved canals.

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