Relationship between atmospheric temperature and calving rate in cattle

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  • Miura H.
    Clinical Theriogenology laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University
  • Kikuchi M.
    Clinical Theriogenology laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University
  • Sakaguchi M.
    Clinical Theriogenology laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University

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  • 繁殖牛管理記録と気象庁データによる一日平均気温と分娩率の相関
  • ハンショクギュウ カンリ キロク ト キショウチョウ データ ニ ヨル ツイタチ ヘイキン キオン ト ブンベンリツ ノ ソウカン

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Abstract

<p>　In cattle, the conception rate declines as air temperatures rise, because the higher body temperature can affect the quality of the ovum and embryo and result in embryonic degeneration. The aim of this study was to analyze correlations between the calving rate and the mean daily air temperature data obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency.</p><p>　We obtained consent from 42 Holstein farms, which were using the same non-governmental cattle management software, for anonymous use of their reproductive data of 7,174 cows recorded between 2012 and 2014. Another reproduction dataset of one Japanese Black cattle farm in Aomori Prefecture recorded between 2003 and 2009 was also used. These data were used to calculate calving rates relative to the number of artificial inseminations（AI） and embryo transfers（ET）conducted in 2012 and 2013. Local mean daily air temperatures were obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency. Correlations among calving rate, temperature and geographic area were examined.</p><p>　In Holstein cows, the calving rate decreased significantly above the mean daily air temperature of 20℃ at the time of AI. The calving rates in the embryo-transferred Holstein cows, AI or ET Holstein heifers and Japanese Black cattle did not decrease. These results suggest that AI during the time of lactation stress and at high air temperature negatively affected the conception rate and thus resulted in a lower calving rate. However, no association between the conception rate and air temperature was consistently found across the evaluated regions indicating that location and/or other farm-level factors should also be taken into consideration.</p>

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