Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emission from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators toward a Decarbonized Society

DOI Web Site 3 Citations 6 References Open Access
  • Hayasaki Shinya
    Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
  • Oshita Kazuyuki
    Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
  • Kawai Kosuke
    Material Cycles and Social Systems Research Section, Material Cycles Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies
  • Takaoka Masaki
    Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University

Bibliographic Information

Other Title
  • 脱炭素社会における都市ごみ焼却施設からの温室効果ガス排出量の将来推定
  • —The Case of Kyoto City—
  • ――京都市を例に――

Description

In this study, we estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) in the city of Kyoto, Japan, for the year 2050. First, municipal solid waste (MSW) characteristics are analyzed and a calculation model for GHG emissions from MSWIs is established. We then estimate changes in the amount and quality of MSW in Kyoto based on past trends. Finally, five scenarios are evaluated: business as usual (S1); waste reduction (S2); S2 plus alternative use of bio-based plastics (S3); S3 plus enhancement of power generation efficiency (S4); and S4 plus installation of methane fermentation facilities (S5). In addition, scenarios with a decreased CO2 emission factor for electric power due to the introduction of renewable energy (S1-6 to S5-6) are also evaluated here. <br>　All of the scenarios up to S4 could indeed reduce net GHG emissions to below zero by 2050. However, in the cases of S1-6 to S5-6, GHG emissions from electricity consumption and GHG reductions from electricity generation were almost eliminated. Moreover,even in S5-6, which had the lowest net GHG emissions, they were only 15.2% lower than in S1. S5-6 clearly shows that at least 20.3% of direct CO2 emissions must be captured and sequestered to reduce net emissions below zero by the year 2050.

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