Floral Morphology and Reproductive Nature of <i>Pemphis acidula</i> (<i>Lythraceae</i>) with Two Different Anther Levels in Taiwan and Japan

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  • 台湾と日本における，高さの異なる葯をもつミズガンピ（ミソハギ科）の花形態と繁殖特性
  • Floral Morphology and Reproductive Nature of Pemphis acidula (Lythraceae) with Two Different Anther Levels in Taiwan and Japan

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<p>Pemphis acidula J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. (Lythraceae) has been speculated to show distyly derived from tristyly by loss of the mid (M)-styled morph. To understand morphological and reproductive natures and pollinators effective for pollination we examined floral variation, fruit and seed production by pollination experiments, and flower visitors in four natural populations of P. acidula occurring in Taiwan and Japan. The populations examined were commonly distylous with long (L)- and short (S)-styled morphs, but each morph had anthers arranged at two different levels, as in some other populations of the species reported earlier. Pollen grains were significantly larger in the S-styled morph than in the L-styled one, but there was no significant difference in pollen size between the two anthers from different levels. Furthermore, artificial pollination experiments indicated that the two morphs exhibited self and intramorphic incompatibility, and the middle-level anther had the same compatibility as the other-level anther of the same morph. These results suggest that the pollen size and the compatibility system have a distylous nature in the examined populations, despite the fact that the anthers are arranged in two different levels in each morph. Short-tongued bees and aculeate wasps frequently visited the flowers for sucking nectar and touched their mouthpart to the stigma and the anthers, suggesting that they may be the most efficient pollinators for completing crosspollination between the two morphs at the Iriomote population of the species.</p>

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