Educational Disparities and Regional Transportation Costs in Akita Prefecture

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  • 秋田県内における教育環境格差と地域交通コスト格差

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In recent decades, local economies have seen a reduction in the number of public transportation systems, especially buses, due to a re-examination of public transportation policies. Reduced transportation is a serious problem, especially in depopulated areas, for young people who have no alternative means of transportation. The reduction of contact with many people through transportation may also reduce the opportunities for them to think about their future. In this paper, we focus on the correlation between university enrollment rates and various variables representing the regional environment, and conduct a path analysis using statistical data on municipalities in Akita Prefecture. In particular, the direct effect of the economic environment and the indirect effect of regional transportation costs are treated simultaneously in the model to estimate their effects on the gap in university enrollment rates. The analysis through the model reveals that the income level of the region as an economic environment does not necessarily directly increase the gap in the university-going rate for both male and female high school students. On the other hand, for male high school students, the results suggest the possibility of widening the gap through regional transportation costs. If mobility access is reduced in regions with relatively poor economic environments, the disparity may be further widened.

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