Serum Lipopolysaccharide-binding Protein Levels and the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in a General Japanese Population: the Hisayama Study

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  • Tomooka Shoko
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Department of General Dentistry, Graduate School of Dental Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Oishi Emi
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Asada Masako
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Sakata Satoko
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Hata Jun
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Chen Sanmei
    Global Health Nursing, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
  • Honda Takanori
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Suzuki Kosuke
    Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd
  • Watanabe Hiroshi
    Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd
  • Murayama Norihito
    Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Ltd
  • Wada Naohisa
    Department of General Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University
  • Kitazono Takanari
    Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Ninomiya Toshiharu
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University

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<p>Background: The association between chronic lipopolysaccharide exposure and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is unclear. In this study we examined the association between serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) levels, an indicator of lipopolysaccharide exposure, and the development of MetS in a general Japanese population.</p><p>Methods: 1,869 community-dwelling Japanese individuals aged ≥40 years without MetS at baseline examination in 2002–2003 were followed up by repeated examination in 2007–2008. MetS was defined according to the Japanese criteria. Serum LBP levels were classified into quartiles (quartiles 1–4: 2.20–9.56, 9.57–10.78, 10.79–12.18, and 12.19–24.34 µg/mL, respectively). Odds ratios (ORs) for developing MetS were calculated using a logistic regression model.</p><p>Results: At the follow-up survey, 159 participants had developed MetS. Higher serum LBP levels were associated with greater risk of developing MetS after multivariable adjustment for age, sex, smoking, drinking, and exercise habits (OR [95% confidence interval] for quartiles 1–4: 1.00 [reference], 2.92 [1.59–5.37], 3.48 [1.91–6.35], and 3.86 [2.12–7.03], respectively; P for trend <0.001). After additional adjustment for homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, this association was attenuated but remained significant (P for trend = 0.007). On the other hand, no significant association was observed after additional adjustment for serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P for trend = 0.07).</p><p>Conclusion: In the general Japanese population, our findings suggest that higher serum LBP levels are associated with elevated risk of developing MetS. Low-grade endotoxemia could play a role in the development of MetS through systemic chronic inflammation and insulin resistance.</p>

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