Investigation on the Acquisition of Visual Impairment Disability Certificate in Okayama Prefecture

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  • 岡山県における視覚障害による身体障害者手帳取得の状況調査

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[Purpose] It is known that diseases can vary with environmental factors such as hygiene, labor, and nutrient, and race and population composition. In this study, we investigated the acquisition of visual impairment disability certificate in Okayama prefecture during a period of five years.<br>[Subjects and Methods] Subjects were those issued with visual impairment disability certificate (including newly issued and renewed) between April 2008 and March 2013 in Okayama prefecture. Degree of disability and type of the primary disease were compared among various age groups (under 19 years of age, 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60-64 years, and 65 and older). The primary diseases included glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, retinitis pigmentosa, macular degeneration, chorioretinal atrophy, optic atrophy, cataract, corneal disease, stroke, high myopia, and others. Moreover, the age- and disease-specific rate for acquiring new certificate during the five years was calculated using the following formula: the acquisition rate for new certificate = (The average population of the age group with the disease type during the 5 years) / (The average population of the age group during the 5 years in Okayama prefecture).<br>[Results] The results showed that in the five years, certificates for the first degree of disability were most commonly issued, followed by those for the second and fifth degrees of disability. Retinitis pigmentosa was the most common primary disease followed by glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. The group of 65 years and older had the highest certificate acquisition rate (65.6%). The group of 65 years and older with glaucoma had the highest age- and disease-specific rate for acquiring new certificate (0.04%).<br>[Conclusion] During the five years, the most commonly issued disability certificate was for people with first degree of disability, and people with retinitis pigmentosa obtained the disability certificate more than people with other diseases in Okayama prefecture. The highest age-specific rate for acquiring new certificate was seen in people of 65 years old and older with glaucoma.

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