Stress Response : The Regulation of Heat Shock/Stress Gene Transcription

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  • Higashi Toshio
    Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine Kyoto University:Department of Cell Biology, Chest Disease Research Institute, Kyoto University
  • Nagata Kazuhiro
    Department of Cell Biology, Chest Disease Research Institute, Kyoto University

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  • ストレス応答 : ストレス遺伝子の発現調節(<特集>遺伝子発現)

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All living organisms, from bacteria to higher eukaryotes, share a common response against enviornmental conditions unfavorable to their survival. This response is called the heat shock or stress response, and results in the synthesis of a set of proteins termed the heat shock or stress proteins. These proteins also play an essential role as molecular chaperones under normal and/or stressful conditions. In the higher eukaryotes, the heat shock or stress response is mainly regulated at the transcriptional level by the activation of a pre-existing transcription factor, the heat shock factor. Although there has been increasing research interest in the heat shock/stress gene expression in the nervous system under stressful conditions, the molecular mechanisms regulating the heat shock or stress response in the CNS remain unknown. Recent studies also suggest that the same regulatory pathway for heat shock gene transcription that exists in single cells after heat shock also exists in whole animals affected by some pathologic condition. These topics and the cellular signals for heat shock gene transcription under in vivo pathologic conditions are discussed in this paper.

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