An Innovative Questionnaire Examining Psychological Nicotine Dependence, “The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND)”

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  • YOSHII Chiharu
    Division of Respiratory Disease, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) working group
  • KANO Masato
    Department of Internal Medicine, Shinnakagawa Hospital The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) working group
  • ISOMURA Takeshi
    Reset Behavioral Research Group The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) working group
  • KUNITOMO Fumio
    Department of Pulmonary Disease, Chiba Rosai Hospital The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) working group
  • AIZAWA Masaaki
    Department of Pharmacy, Kitasato University Hospital The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) working group
  • HARADA Hisashi
    Chigasaki Public Health Center The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) working group
  • HARADA Shohei
    National Research Institute for Child Health and Development The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND) working group
  • KAWANAMI Yukiko
    Division of Respiratory Disease, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health
  • KIDO Masamitsu
    Division of Respiratory Disease, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health

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Other Title
  • 心理的ニコチン依存を評価する新しい質問票 －加濃式社会的ニコチン依存度調査票（KTSND）－
  • Innovative Questionnaire Examining Psychological Nicotine Dependence The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence KTSND
  • An Innovative Questionnaire Examining Psychological Nicotine Dependence, “The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND)”

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Abstract

A smoking habit is maintained by psychological and physical nicotine dependence. We thought up a new concept, "social nicotine dependence", which is a part of psychological dependence, and developed a new questionnaire, "The Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND)" version 2. The KTSND has ten questions with a total score of 30. In order to investigate the validity of the KTSND, we applied it to the employees of 10 pharmaceutical companies and collected 344 respondents. The total KTSND scores of 18.4±5.2 (mean±SD, n＝105) for smokers were significantly higher than those of 14.2±6.1 (n＝88) for ex-smokers, and 12.1±5.6 (n＝151) for non-smokers. Each question produced significantly different scores among these groups. Smokers were subclassified by factors of physical nicotine dependence, namely, "number of cigarettes smoked per day" and "time until the first cigarette of the day". The total scores did not reflect these physical factors. On the other hand, the total KTSND scores reflected one of the psychological nicotine dependence factors, namely, "the stages for quitting smoking". The KTSND scores were significantly different among 4 groups: 22.4±6.3 for immotives, 19.0±3.9 for precontemplators, 16.1±3.8 for contemplators and 14.5±5.9 for preparers. These results showed that the KTSND reflected the smoking status and the stages for quitting smoking. We consider that the KTSND is a useful method to evaluate psychological aspects of smoking.

Journal

  • Journal of UOEH

    Journal of UOEH 28 (1), 45-55, 2006

    The University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan

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