Effects of Soybean Saponin and Soybean Protein on Serum Cholesterol Concentration in Cholesterol-Fed Chicks

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  • 大豆サポニンと大豆タンパク質がコレステロール添加飼料を給与したニワトリヒナの血清コレステロール濃度に及ぼす影響
  • Effects of Soybean Saponin and Soybean

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Abstract

Three experiments were carried out to study the role of soybean saponin in the hypocholesterolemic effect of soybean protein in chicks fed diets containing 1% cholesterol. Seven-day-old White Leghorn male chicks were fed diets with different composition for 10 days. Addition of 12% beef tallow to the basal diet containing casein increased cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations of the serum and liver. Supplementation of 1.5% soybean saponin was effective in lowering cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations of the serum and liver in chicks given the beef tallow diet, whereas it did not show significant effects in chicks fed the beef tallow-free diet. When soybean protein isolate was used to substitute casein in the diet, the hypocholesterolemic effect of soybean protein isolate was more manifested in chicks fed the beef tallow-free diet than those fed the beef tallow diet. These results indicated that the hypocholesterolemic effects of soybean saponin and soybean protein isolate were differently affected by the diet composition. Soybean meal did not prevent the elevation of cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the serum when 1% cholesterol was added to the diet containing 10% beef tallow. In addition, the ethanol treatment to remove saponin from soybean meal had little effect on serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Results of this work show that high levels of soybean saponin potentially have the hypocholesterolemic effect. However, it seems unlikely that saponin in the diet containing soybean protein isolate (approximately 0.1%) is a primary determinant factor in the cholesterol-lowering effect of soybean protein.

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