Heavy-ion microbeam irradiation induces bystander effect in human THP-1 macrophages

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  • 重粒子線誘発バイスタンダー効果が生体免疫能に与える影響

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The immune cells are known to accumulate in and near the cancer, and communicate each other to protect living organisms. Therefore, the radiation effect of heavy-ion on the immune system will be an important factor that affect on the outcome of heavy-ion cancer therapy. In addition, the contribution of radiation-induced bystander effect is known to become larger when irradiated with the high-LET heavy-ion. Therefore, analyzing the effect of heavy-ion on immune cells including bystander effect is important to advance heavy-ion cancer therapy. Thus we irradiated the cultured immune cells by heavy-ion, and analyzed their changes in cytokine production. The cell line THP-1, delivered from human acute monocytic leukemia, was used. The differentiated cells were irradiated by carbon broad beam (0-50 Gy, 18.3 MeV/u, LET=108 keV/μm) from the AVF cyclotron of JAEA-Takasaki. In addition, a very limited part of cell population (approx. 0.45%) was irradiated using heavy-ion microbeam to analyze their bystander response. After irradiation, the samples were post-incubated up to 72 hrs and the production levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were examined by ELISA. In the broad beam irradiated sample, the levels of both IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased compared with sham-irradiated control. Moreover, the production levels of cytokines were also decreased in microbeam irradiated sample. These result indicated that the very limited cells with microbeam irradiation transferred their radiation signal to the non-irradiated nearby cells and induced bystander effect on the reduction of cytokines production.

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