Studies on Productivity in Orchardgrass : V. The effect of nitrogen application on dry matter production

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  • オーチャードグラスの生産性に関する研究 : V.窒素施用量が乾物生産に及ぼす影響
  • オーチャードグラスの生産性に関する研究-5-窒素施用量が乾物生産に及ぼす影響
  • オーチャードグラス ノ セイサンセイ ニカンスルケンキュウ 5 チッソ セヨウ

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to clarify the influence of nitrogen application on the yield components of orchardgrass. The varieties examined were Latar (tiller weight type), Kitamidori (medium type) and S 143 (tiller number type). Nitrogen fertilizer was applied at 4 levels, 0 (N_0), 7.5 (N_1), 15 (N_2) and 30 (N_3) N kg/10a, respectively. Data were taken at 3 stages, namely, 2 weeks before heading (T_1), at heading stage (T_2) and 1 week after heading (T_3), respectively. Results were summalized as follows ; 1. Dry matter weight of Latar and Kitamidori reached the maximum at N_2 level, but that of S 143 was increased up to N_3 level (Fig.1). 2. N application influenced on the number of tillers at each growth stage, but on the weight of a tiller only at T_2 and T_3 (Fig.2). Dry matter weight indicated significant correlation with the weight of a tiller, but not correlated with the number of tillers under the condition including varieties and N levels (Fig.3). N arreication didn't influence on the plant type index (Fig.4). 3. Leaf area index (LAI) was increased almost linearly up to N_2 level, but not at N_3 level. Dry matter weight/leaf area index (DW/LAI) was not affected by N application at T_1, but it was increased by N application at T_2 and T_3 (Fig.5). Dry matter weight indicated significant positive correlation with LAI at each stage of growth, but with DW/LAI only at T_3 (Fig.6). 4. N concentration of stem and leaf blade was increased by N application. Further, N concentration of S 143 was lower than that of other varieties at each N levels (Fig.7). 5. N application influenced more on mean leaf area index (MLAI) than on net assimilation rate (NAR) (Fig.8). Crop growth rate (CGR) indicated significant positive correlation with MLAI and NAR at the ealry stage of growth (T_1-T_2), but with only NAR at the late stage of growth (T_2-T_3) (Table 1). 6. Vertical distribution of leaf area wasn't influenced so strongly by N application. However, extinction coefficient became to decrease under higher N levels (Fig.9). And there was highly significant negative correlation between dry matter weight and extinction coefficient (Fig.10). 7. N concentration of leaf blade indicated significant correlation with some morphological characters. Further, the plants had larger tillers and more erect leaves under higher N levels (Table 2).

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