Expression of Cannabinoid Receptor GPR55 in Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Cannabidiol via GPR55

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  • Mishiro Saki
    Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo
  • Igarashi-Takeuchi Hiroko
    Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo
  • Numabe Yukihiro
    Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo

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  • ヒト歯肉線維芽細胞におけるカンナビノイド受容体GPR55の発現とGPR55を介したカンナビジオールの抗炎症作用の検討

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<p>Cannabidiol (CBD) in cannabis has an anti-inflammatory effect, and its receptor, G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55), has been suggested to be involved in the regulation of inflammation. Here, we investigated GPR55 expression in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and anti-inflammatory effects of CBD via GPR55.</p><p>GPR55 expression and localization were confirmed in control, LPS-stimulated (LPS), CBD-treated and LPS-stimulated (CBD+LPS), and CBD-treated (CBD) groups. We also compared interleukin (IL) -6 and IL-8 protein production in each group.</p><p>GPR55 expression levels were significantly reduced in the LPS and CBD+LPS groups (p<0.05) compared to control and CBD groups, and GPR55 protein was found diffusely in the cytoplasm of HGFs in all groups. In addition, IL-6 and IL-8 production was significantly reduced in non-knockdown HGFs in the CBD+LPS group compared to the LPS group (p<0.05). By contrast, in GPR55-knockdown HGFs, there was a significant increase in IL-6 and IL-8 production in the LPS and CBD+LPS groups compared with the control groups (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in IL-6 and IL-8 production in GPR55-knockdown HGFs between the LPS and CBD+LPS groups.</p><p>In this study, we confirmed the homeostatic expression of GPR55 in HGFs and its tendency to decrease in expression during inflammation. It was also shown that part of an anti-inflammatory effect by CBD may be mediated by GPR55.</p>

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