Changes in the Eicosapentaenoic Acid to Arachidonic Acid Ratio in Serum over 10 Years in a Japanese Community: The Hisayama Study

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  • Honda Takanori
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Chen Sanmei
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Department of Global Health Nursing, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
  • Hata Jun
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Shibata Mao
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Furuta Yoshihiko
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Division of Medical Engineering and Healthy Longevity, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Oishi Emi
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Sakata Satoko
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Kitazono Takanari
    Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Ninomiya Toshiharu
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University

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  • The Ratio of Circulating Eicosapentaenoic Acid to Arachidonic Acid Ratio in the Community-Dwelling Japanese Population

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<p> Aim: Circulating omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids may to contribute to cardiovascular health at the population level. Over a decade, we investigated changes in the serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to arachidonic acid (AA) ratio, and in serum concentrations of the individual fatty acids, in a Japanese community.</p><p> Methods: Community surveys took place in 2002–2003 and 2012–2013 in a rural area of Japan. The community surveys included 3,194 and 3,220 community dwellers aged ≥ 40 years who did not take EPA medication in 2002–2003 and 2012–2013, respectively. Fatty acid fractionations in serum were measured using a gas chromatography method. Changes in the serum EPA/AA ratio over time were examined using linear mixed models.</p><p>Results: Overall, the average serum EPA/AA ratio decreased over the 10 years. A decreasing trend in the serum EPA/AA ratio occurred in all age groups except participants aged ≥ 80 years, with larger decreases in the younger age groups. A similar decline in serum EPA/AA ratio occurred in participants with and those without lipid-lowering therapy. Serum EPA concentrations were slightly increased in the whole population but remained stable or even decreased in participants aged 40–69. In contrast, the average serum AA concentrations increased in all age groups.</p><p>Conclusion: In a Japanese community, the serum EPA/AA ratio decreased over 10 years at the population level, especially in middle-aged participants.</p>

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