Biofilm Formation by Streptococcus mutans is Enhanced by Indole via the Quorum Sensing Pathway

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  • Inaba Tomohiro
    Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
  • Obana Nozomu
    Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
  • Habe Hiroshi
    Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
  • Nomura Nobuhiko
    Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba

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  • Biofilm Formation by <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> is Enhanced by Indole via the Quorum Sensing Pathway

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<p>Interspecies interactions among oral microorganisms in the pathogenic biofilms causing dental caries have not yet been elucidated in detail. We herein demonstrated that indole and its derivatives induced biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans. Indole is an intercellular signaling molecule that is produced by oral bacteria other than S. mutans. The amounts of biofilm and extracellular DNA were significantly increased by the addition of indole and 4-hydroxyindole (4-HI). An examination with quorum sensing mutants showed that the induction of biofilm formation by indole and 4-HI required a quorum sensing system. These results suggest that this intercellular signaling molecule plays a role in pathogenic biofilm formation.</p>

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