Development of a Self-assessment Scale for Care Preparedness of Elderly Males

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  • Negishi Takako
    Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo Kasei University
  • Kato Chieko
    The Graduate School of Information Sciences and Arts, Toyo University
  • Aoki Kouichirou
    The Graduate School of Information Sciences and Arts, Toyo University
  • Kon Sayaka
    Department of Nursing, School of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University

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Other Title
  • 男性高齢者における介護準備態勢の自己評価尺度の開発
  • ダンセイ コウレイシャ ニ オケル カイゴジュンビ タイセイ ノ ジコ ヒョウカ シャクド ノ カイハツ

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Abstract

<p>In recent years, the number of elderly males providing care for partners they live together with has increased, these elderly caregivers experience difficulties both in housework and caregiving, and the burden on the caregivers has become a serious issue. It is necessary for elderly males to acquire the knowledge and skills involved in the care prior to engaging in the care so that they can easily adjust to life while providing the care and lead a comfortable life after retirement. This study aims to develop a self-assessment scale for care preparedness in elderly males (the level of knowledge and skills needed to perform the care and the readiness to provide the care) and to examine the reliability and validity of the scale. Based on an interview survey of male elderly caregivers (over the age of 60) and home-visit nurses and a literature review, a draft scale of 25 items was developed. Using the draft scale, a questionnaire survey was administered to 568 elderly males (husbands, spouses) over the age of 60 living in the community in the City of Chiba and Prefecture A in the Kanto region of Japan, who attended college lectures for seniors. As a result of an exploratory factor analysis using the data from 274 elderly males, items with low factor loads were deleted, resulting in a care preparedness scale with 4 factors and 17 items. The four factors were named “spouse affection”, “housework performance”, “knowledge about care”, and “presence of friends to assist in the care”. The model of the four factors was examined by a covariance structure analysis, and the following indices of fit were obtained : CMIN＝272.6, GFI＝0.874, AGFI＝0.825, CFI＝0.915, and RMSEA＝0.087 ; overall the goodness of fit was determined to be high. Further, the Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.85 for the entire scale and 0.84 to 0.91 for the subfactors, showing a sufficient internal consistency. For the concurrent validity, the validity was largely established because there were statistically significant correlations in all the four factors with the circumstances of the respondents and three factors in subjective health (excluding “knowledge about care”).</p><p>The self-assessment scale for care preparedness in elderly males with 4 factors and 17 items developed in this study was determined to be reliable and approximately valid.</p>

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