Snow surveys of central and eastern Hokkaido from 2014 to 2018, and meteorological elements affecting snow grain type

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  • 北海道の道央・道東地域における5 冬期の 積雪特性と気象要素との関係
  • 北海道の道央・道東地域における5冬期の積雪特性と気象要素との関係 : 2014年冬期から2018年冬期に実施した広域積雪調査
  • ホッカイドウ ノ ドウオウ ・ ドウトウ チイキ ニ オケル 5 トウキ ノ セキセツ トクセイ ト キショウ ヨウソ ト ノ カンケイ : 2014ネン トウキ カラ 2018ネン トウキ ニ ジッシ シタ コウイキ セキセツ チョウサ
  • ─2014年冬期から2018年冬期に実施した広域積雪調査─

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The purpose of this study is to understand the annual fluctuation in snow depth distribution and snow grain type from the end of February to early March in central and eastern Hokkaido from 2014 to 2018. This paper summarizes the results of snow surveys at 32 sites (snow height, snow layer structure and snow water equivalent) and describes the relation between grain type and meteorological elements. During 2014 and 2018, the distribution of atmospheric pressure was dominated by a high barometric pressure area to the west and a low barometric pressure area is to the east resulting in heavy snowfall in central Hokkaido, with snow types mainly rounded grains and melt forms. In eastern Hokkaido, light snow fell and the lower layer of the snow was a well-developed depth hoar. During 2015, heavy snow fell on the Okhotsk seaside region and Konsen Plateau because of the influence of the south-coast cyclone on Japan.During 2016 and 2017, the snow height was less than 100cm at most observational sites. Average snow densities for central and eastern Hokkaido were systematically different mainly because of the difference in snow grain type, which agrees with the findings of previous studies. We also found that three variables (granular snow ratio, depth hoar ratio and the number of ice layers) in the snow cover could be estimated from meteorological data and can be used to improve snow model calculations.

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