Development of a psychological assessment tool using facial expression drawing

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  • 感情投影表情描画法による心理アセスメントツールの開発
  • カンジョウ トウエイ ヒョウジョウ ビョウガホウ ニ ヨル シンリ アセスメントツール ノ カイハツ

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Background　 For psychological assessment, language and facial expressions provide the important information. Currently , two methods are available to collect these expression contents. They are the questionnaire method and psychological testing using a projective technique. How ever, both of them have their own shortages. The former only covers surface psyche, and the latter has a problem in the reproducibility of testing. Therefore, the development of an assessment tool having the advantages of both methods with objectivity , simplicity wide application is highly desired. Objective　 Purpose This study aims to develop a psychological assessment tool that , by drawing facial expressions, capture temporal emotional status. Methods　 An anonymous questionnaire survey composed of attributes (sex and age), a multiple mood scale (MMS) , a mood inventory and a drawing sheet of facial expressions , was conducted for 255 university students as respondent s. First, MMS and mood inventory were analyzed by factor analysis and the features of drawn facial parts of high or low scorers' facial expressions according to the standard deviation of each item were extracted. Next, whether the facial drawing represents negative feeling (N feeling) or positive feeling (P feeling) , was determined for each facial part. Thus, the N and P signs on the facial expression drawing sheet were indentified. In addition, a multiple logistic regression analysis using seven feelings as independent variables was performed. Results　 The N and P feeling factors were extracted. N feeling factors were composed of such subfactors as "depression and anxiety", "fatigue", "tiredness" and "anxious feeling" P feeling factors were composed of such subfactors as "active emotion", "concentration" and "consternation". Features of N and P feeling signs were extracted, including 8 N feeling signs ( 2 signs with both eyebrows, 2 with both eyes, 4 with mouth) and 5 P feeling signs (1 sign with both eyebrows, 2 with both eyes, 2 with mouth). These signs were graded, and based on this grading, the facial expression drawing on the sheet was scored. The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis with N feeling as score 1 and with P feeling as score 2 were as follows: Fatigue: Exp(B)=1. 20, 95%CI [1 . 04 , 1. 38] , p<0. 02; Dysphoria and Anxiety : Exp(B)=1. 16, 95%CI [1. 00, 1. 34], p<0. 06 (Regression model showed a 74. 4% probability of correct classification, p<0.001). Conclusion　 The validity of the facial expression drawing was confirmed by the logistic regression models. It was suggested that this method is appropriate for the assessment of "fatigue" and "depression and anxiety". Therefore, the facial expression drawing we developed is more suitable for assessment of the aspect of N feeling rather than that of P feeling.

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