Genetic analysis of body size in Japanese Brown Cattle

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  • 褐毛和牛における体量の遺伝学的分析
  • カツモウ ワギュウ ニ オケル タイリョウ ノ イデンガクテキ ブンセキ

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In the first section of the present paper, the authors were concerned with heritability estimates for body measurements, and genetic correlations among these traits in 600 daughter dam pairs sired by 20 different bulls, extracted from the recent files of Japanese Brown Cattle Society. In the second section, they were concerned with the heritability estimate for body weight and relations of body measurements to the body weight, using another data on 170 half sisters sired by 10 different bulls in the same breed. Heritability estimates for body measurements based on daughter dam relationships were 0.42 for withers height, 0.48 for hip height, 0.40 for body length, 0.39 for heart girth, 0.30 for chest depth, 0.25 for chest width, 0.30 for rump length, 0.39 for hip width, 0.30 for thurl width, 0.21 for pin bone width, and 0.36 for fore shin circumference. While, higher and more variable estimates were obtained from half sib relationships. Considering the fact that there might be some uneven environmental conditions among half sister groups, the authors prefered the figures obtained from the daughter dam relationships as the more reliable estimates. Genetic correlations among body measurements, except of pin bone width, were fairly high. According to the facts, the authors suggested that there may be considerable difficulty to realize the current idea to enlarge body capacity with a restriction of height of withers or hip. Relatively low heritability of 0.28 was estimated for body weight based on the half sib relationship. On the other hand, in partial correlations between body measurements and body weight, excluding the influence of withers height, the highest figure was obtained between heart girth and body weight. According to the fact, the authors suggested that the most reliable indicators in the body measurements to the selection for gain or weight may be the heart girth or traits related to chest size.

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