Membership Category in "Multicultural Dialogue Activity" of Local Residents: An Ethno-methodological Analysis

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  • 地域の多文化間対話活動における参加者のカテゴリー化実践 : エスノメソドロジーの視点から
  • チイキ ノ タブンカ カン タイワ カツドウ ニ オケル サンカシャ ノ カテゴリーカ ジッセン エスノメソドロジー ノ シテン カラ

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The increase in cross border movement of multiethnic people has brought about a surge in the number of foreign residents living in Japan. To cope with the sudden increase in foreign residents, various Japanese-language support activities have been on the increase since the 1990s. More recently, activities aimed at mutual accommodation like problem sharing via dialogue, which involves the participation of both Japanese local residents and foreign residents, are on the rise. This is contrary to the usual practice of interaction where the Japanese are the teachers and foreign participants the learners. In this study, I focus on interaction in a multicultural dialogue activity by local residents to reach some points for review. The aim of this research is to find out how the participants can establish a more diverse relationship that is not only based on an individual’s nationality. I use conversation analysis as a method of research and analyze how members categorize, identify, and describe themselves and others when talking. I also analyze the reason for the categorization and what maintains the categorization till the end of interaction. The results of this resarch are as follows: 1.Categories of “Japanese / foreigner” and “family” and “sex” were evident. 2.These categories were the result of question and answer interaction. Especially, “ marked nationality category question” caused and maintained the “Japanese / foreigner” category pair. 3.Another reason that led to the surfacing of the “Japanese / foreigner” category was when the Japanese explained anything associated with the Japanese language. To explain Japanese on the assumption that Japanese people are the sole authority on the language causes and maintains the “Japanese / foreigner” category. These results give us concrete suggestions as to how we can maintain diversity in relationships in a multicultural dialogue activity.

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