Epidemiological investigation of malocclusion in Japan using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN)

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  • WATANABE,Atsushi
    Department of Oral Biological Science, Division of Orthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Course for Oral Life Science
  • MOHRI,Tamaki
    Tsukuba Mohri Orthodontic Clinic
  • WATANABE,Naoko
    Department of Oral Biological Science, Division of Orthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Course for Oral Life Science
  • WATANABE,Youhei
    Department of Oral Biological Science, Division of Orthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Course for Oral Life Science
  • MIYAZAKI,Hideo
    Department of Oral Health Science, Division of Preventive Dentistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Course for Oral Life Science
  • SAITO,Isao
    Department of Oral Biological Science, Division of Orthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Course for Oral Life Science

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  • 日本におけるIndex of Orthodontic Treatment Needを用いた不正咬合の疫学調査

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Abstract

Although some epidemiological investigations of malocclusion have been carried out using original indices in Japan, few studies using the internationally comparable index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) have been conducted. The aim of this study was to provide epidemiological baseline data on the need for orthodontic treatment and the occlusal features in Japanese schoolchildren using IOTN. Four hundred ninety-seven schoolchildren aged 11-14-years in four varying geographical areas participated in this investigation. Seventy two children (14.5%) who had received orthodontic treatment were excluded from the survey. No radiographs and study casts were used; IOTN was calculated from direct oral examination. The dental health component (DHC) showed that 34.1% were assigned to the need for treatment (DHC Grade 4, 5). The types of malocclusion included: 17.4% crowding; 10.1% increased overjet; and 13.2% impeded eruption of teeth; 4.0% hypodontia; and 2.6% deepbite. In case of the aesthetic component (AC), 10.4% were assigned to the need for treatment (AC Grade 8-10). In all, 35.5% of the children were in objective need for orthodontic treatment. In conclusion, the orthodontic treatment need of Japanese schoolchildren's was nearly identical to that of British schoolchildren. The data of DHC, however, suggest that the occlusal trait in Japanese might be different, since crowding was almost twofold higher than that of Europeans.

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