Facilitation of Deductive Reasoning by Operational Thinking : A Proposal of ‘Learning through Verification of Knowledge’ Model

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  • 操作的思考による演繹推論の促進 : 「知識の検証による学習」モデルの提案
  • ソウサテキ シコウ ニ ヨル エンエキスイロン ノ ソクシン : 「 チシキ ノ ケンショウ ニ ヨル ガクシュウ 」 モデル ノ テイアン

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In science education of elementary and junior high school, the development of deductive and inductive reasoning seems to be necessary for acquisition of the ability for scientific inquiry. However, it was shown that the learning in these educational stages tended to be biased toward inductive reasoning from the analysis of textbooks of science, mathematics and social study. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to propose the learning model that promotes learner’s deductive reasoning in science education. Examining the processes of problem solving of learners that were trained to operational thinking, these learners seemed to use deductive reasoning that was premised scientific knowledge by clear understanding of the relation among concepts in scientific knowledge and control of their mental models empirically constructed. Based on these results, we proposed the ‘learning through verification of knowledge’ model that introduced the process of verifying the inevitable result derived from scientific knowledge and the probability of knowledge through the fact that obtained in experiments, observations and surveys.

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